Backup Recovery

How to Set Up PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Set Up PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on RHEL 9

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication sends WAL (Write-Ahead Log) records from a primary server to one or more standby servers in near-real-time, keeping standbys continuously synchronised with the primary. This provides high availability (automatic or manual failover when the primary fails), read scaling (queries can be distributed to hot standbys), and geographic redundancy. Unlike logical replication which […]

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How to Install pgAdmin 4 on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Install pgAdmin 4 on RHEL 9

pgAdmin 4 is the official, full-featured web-based administration and development platform for PostgreSQL. It provides a graphical interface for managing databases, schemas, tables, views, functions, roles, and server connections; a SQL query editor with syntax highlighting and query execution plans; a visual schema designer; backup and restore wizards; and monitoring dashboards for server statistics. pgAdmin […]

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How to Back Up and Restore MySQL Databases with mysqldump on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Back Up and Restore MySQL Databases with mysqldump on RHEL 9

Regular database backups are non-negotiable for any production system. mysqldump is the standard MySQL/MariaDB logical backup tool — it exports database contents as SQL statements (CREATE TABLE, INSERT) that can be restored on any compatible server. While mysqldump is not the fastest solution for very large databases (where Percona XtraBackup or MySQL Enterprise Backup are […]

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How to Configure MySQL Primary-Replica Replication on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Configure MySQL Primary-Replica Replication on RHEL 9

MySQL primary-replica replication (formerly called master-slave) copies data changes from a primary (write) server to one or more replica (read) servers in near-real-time. Replication solves multiple operational problems: distributing read traffic across replicas reduces load on the primary, a replica provides a hot standby for failover if the primary fails, replicas can be used for […]

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How to Install Redis 7 on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Install Redis 7 on RHEL 9

Redis (Remote Dictionary Server) is an in-memory data structure store used as a cache, session store, real-time leaderboard, pub/sub message broker, and rate-limiting backend. Redis stores all data in RAM with optional disk persistence, making it orders of magnitude faster than relational databases for lookups: sub-millisecond response times at millions of operations per second. Common […]

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How to Install MariaDB 10.11 on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Install MariaDB 10.11 on RHEL 9

MariaDB is a community-developed, fully open-source relational database and the default MySQL-compatible database in RHEL 9. It was created by the original MySQL developers after Oracle’s acquisition of MySQL and maintains complete protocol and API compatibility with MySQL applications. MariaDB 10.11 LTS is the current Long Term Support release, offering features that MySQL 8 does […]

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How to Install MySQL 8 on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Install MySQL 8 on RHEL 9

MySQL is the world’s most widely deployed open-source relational database, powering WordPress, Magento, Drupal, and countless custom web applications. RHEL 9’s AppStream does not include MySQL directly — it ships MariaDB as the default MySQL-compatible database. To install the latest MySQL 8.4 LTS (or MySQL 8.0), you must add the official MySQL Community repository from […]

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How to Configure HAProxy for HTTP and TCP Load Balancing on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Configure HAProxy for HTTP and TCP Load Balancing on RHEL 9

HAProxy (High Availability Proxy) is a battle-hardened open-source load balancer and proxy for TCP and HTTP workloads. Where Nginx load balancing is sufficient for simple round-robin HTTP distribution, HAProxy provides a richer feature set: advanced health checks with multiple failure thresholds, ACL-based routing, Layer 4 TCP load balancing for non-HTTP protocols (MySQL, Redis, SMTP), detailed […]

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How to Configure Nginx Load Balancing (Round-Robin, Least Conn) on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Configure Nginx Load Balancing (Round-Robin, Least Conn) on RHEL 9

Load balancing distributes incoming requests across multiple backend servers, preventing any single server from becoming a bottleneck and providing horizontal scalability and fault tolerance. Nginx supports four load balancing methods natively: round-robin (the default), least connections, IP hash (session persistence), and weight-based. The upstream block defines the pool of backend servers and their weights, and […]

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How to Schedule Automated Tasks with cron and anacron on RHEL 9 — step-by-step RHEL 9 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Schedule Automated Tasks with cron and anacron on RHEL 9

Automated task scheduling is the backbone of server maintenance: backups run at 3 AM, log cleanup happens daily, SSL certificates renew before they expire, and databases are vacuumed weekly. On RHEL 9, there are three scheduling mechanisms each suited to different scenarios. cron is the classic daemon that runs jobs on a schedule defined by […]

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