In a microservices environment, services need a reliable way to discover each other without hardcoded IP addresses. HashiCorp Consul solves this with a distributed key-value store, a DNS interface, and an HTTP API that services query to locate healthy peers. On RHEL 9, Consul runs as a systemd service and integrates cleanly with firewalld. This […]
Podman pods mirror the Kubernetes pod concept — a group of containers that share the same network namespace, IPC namespace, and optionally storage volumes. This makes it straightforward to move workloads between a local RHEL 9 machine and a Kubernetes cluster with minimal changes. In this tutorial you will create a pod containing an Nginx […]
Introduction Deploying install apache cassandra on a Debian 13 Trixie machine is straightforward thanks to Debian’s policy-compliant packaging. Unlike rpm-based distributions, Debian stores configuration helpers in /etc/default/, uses update-rc.d for older init scripts, and provides dpkg-reconfigure for interactive package configuration. This tutorial stays on the systemd path throughout. Prerequisites You will need a registered Debian […]
Kerberos is a network authentication protocol that uses symmetric-key cryptography and a trusted third party — the Key Distribution Center (KDC) — to authenticate users and services without transmitting passwords over the network. RHEL 9 ships the MIT Kerberos implementation and it integrates tightly with SSH, NFS, and other network services through GSSAPI. This tutorial […]
OpenLDAP is the most widely deployed open-source LDAP directory server and is commonly used for centralised identity management across Linux systems. On RHEL 9, OpenLDAP server packages are available directly from the base repositories, providing a standards-compliant LDAPv3 directory that integrates with SSSD for system authentication. This tutorial covers installing OpenLDAP, configuring the directory database, […]
IPv6 adoption continues to accelerate as IPv4 address space is exhausted, and most production servers now need to serve traffic over both protocols simultaneously. RHEL 9 supports dual-stack networking natively through NetworkManager, allowing IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to coexist on the same interface without additional kernel modules. Configuring dual-stack correctly involves not only assigning addresses […]
Let’s Encrypt provides free, automated TLS certificates that are trusted by all major browsers. Certbot is the official ACME client that handles certificate issuance and renewal against the Let’s Encrypt CA. On RHEL 9, Certbot is available through the EPEL repository, making integration with Nginx and Apache straightforward. This tutorial walks through installing Certbot, obtaining […]
Traefik is a modern, cloud-native reverse proxy and load balancer that discovers routing rules dynamically from configuration files, Docker labels, or Kubernetes annotations — eliminating most of the manual virtual host configuration required by Nginx or Apache. Version 3 introduces improved middleware composition, better gRPC support, and enhanced ACME (Let’s Encrypt) certificate management. On RHEL […]
Keepalived implements the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) on Linux, allowing two or more servers to share a single virtual IP address (VIP). If the master server fails, the backup server automatically claims the VIP within seconds, providing high availability with no changes required on clients or DNS. On RHEL 9, Keepalived integrates cleanly with […]
Introduction Deploying configure nginx with php-fpm on a Debian 13 Trixie machine is straightforward thanks to Debian’s policy-compliant packaging. Unlike rpm-based distributions, Debian stores configuration helpers in /etc/default/, uses update-rc.d for older init scripts, and provides dpkg-reconfigure for interactive package configuration. This tutorial stays on the systemd path throughout. Prerequisites Before you begin, ensure you […]
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