IPv6 adoption has accelerated as IPv4 address exhaustion becomes more acute, and most modern Linux servers must support both protocols simultaneously in a dual-stack configuration. RHEL 8 ships with full IPv6 support in the kernel and in NetworkManager, making dual-stack setup straightforward with nmcli. Firewalld and the major web servers handle IPv6 natively once the […]
Let’s Encrypt provides free, trusted TLS certificates, and Certbot is the official client for obtaining and renewing them automatically. On RHEL 8, Certbot is available through the EPEL repository and integrates tightly with both Nginx and Apache via dedicated plugins. Automating renewals with the built-in systemd timer ensures your certificates never expire without manual intervention. […]
Traefik is a modern cloud-native reverse proxy and load balancer that can automatically discover services, obtain and renew TLS certificates via Let’s Encrypt, and expose a real-time dashboard — all without restarting when configuration changes. Unlike Nginx or HAProxy, Traefik reads its routing rules from provider backends such as Docker labels, Kubernetes annotations, or plain […]
A highly available web stack ensures that your application remains accessible even when one of your servers fails. Keepalived implements the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) on Linux, allowing a floating Virtual IP (VIP) address to migrate automatically between a master and one or more backup servers within seconds of a failure. When combined with […]
Huge pages reduce the overhead of virtual memory management by using larger memory page sizes — typically 2 MB instead of the default 4 KB. For memory-intensive databases such as Oracle, PostgreSQL, and MySQL, huge pages eliminate millions of Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) misses per second, lower page table walk overhead, and prevent the kernel […]
The perf tool is a powerful Linux profiling framework built directly into the kernel, capable of sampling CPU performance counters, tracing system calls, and generating flame graphs that reveal exactly where an application spends its time. On RHEL 8, perf is packaged in the standard repositories and integrates with the kernel’s built-in performance monitoring units […]
Linux kernel parameters control how your system allocates resources, handles network connections, and manages memory. On RHEL 8, the sysctl utility provides a clean interface for reading and writing these parameters at runtime, while drop-in configuration files under /etc/sysctl.d/ make changes persistent across reboots. Properly tuned kernel parameters can significantly improve throughput, reduce latency, and […]
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging allows a single physical network interface to carry traffic for multiple logically isolated networks by inserting a 4-byte VLAN tag into Ethernet frames. This is essential in virtualization environments, network segmentation architectures, and anywhere a single uplink must serve multiple subnets. On RHEL 8, NetworkManager handles 802.1Q VLAN interfaces natively through […]
Pacemaker and Corosync together form the de facto high-availability (HA) cluster stack for Linux. Corosync provides the cluster messaging and quorum layer, while Pacemaker manages resources — ensuring that services like virtual IP addresses and web servers start, stop, and migrate between nodes according to defined constraints. On RHEL 8, both packages are available through […]
Network bonding and teaming both combine multiple physical network interfaces into a single logical link, providing redundancy, increased throughput, or both. On RHEL 8, NetworkManager is the recommended way to configure both technologies using the nmcli command-line tool — no manual edits to legacy ifcfg files required. This tutorial covers creating an active-backup bond with […]
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