Introduction to IIS Application Pools on Windows Server 2019 Application Pools in IIS 10 on Windows Server 2019 are isolated worker process containers that host one or more web applications. Each application pool runs as a separate w3wp.exe process, meaning that a crash, memory leak, or security breach in one application cannot directly affect applications […]
Introduction to DHCP Server Authorisation on Windows Server 2019 DHCP Server Authorisation is an Active Directory feature that prevents rogue DHCP servers from operating in a domain environment. In a Windows domain, before a DHCP server will respond to client requests, it must verify that it is authorised in Active Directory. An unauthorised DHCP server […]
Introduction to DHCP Audit Logging on Windows Server 2019 DHCP Audit Logging records every IP address assignment, renewal, release, and denial made by the DHCP server. This log is invaluable for network troubleshooting (tracking which machine had a given IP at a specific time), security investigation (identifying rogue devices or tracking when an infected machine […]
Introduction to DHCP Policies on Windows Server 2019 DHCP Policies allow the Windows Server 2019 DHCP server to assign different configuration options — including IP address ranges, lease durations, default gateways, DNS servers, and custom options — to clients based on attributes of the DHCP request itself. Without policies, all clients in a scope receive […]
Introduction to DHCP Failover on Windows Server 2019 DHCP Failover allows two Windows Server 2019 DHCP servers to share address assignment responsibility for a scope, providing high availability and load balancing for IP address leasing. Without failover, a single DHCP server failure means clients cannot renew leases or obtain new ones — which causes network […]
Introduction to DNS Logging and Diagnostics on Windows Server 2019 DNS logging and diagnostics are essential for troubleshooting resolution failures, detecting security threats, meeting compliance requirements, and understanding traffic patterns on your network. Windows Server 2019 provides two distinct logging mechanisms for DNS: the Windows Event Log (structured event data, always on) and the DNS […]
Introduction to DNS over HTTPS on Windows Server 2019 DNS over HTTPS (DoH) encrypts DNS queries inside standard HTTPS traffic on port 443. Traditional DNS queries travel in plaintext over UDP or TCP port 53, exposing every hostname lookup to anyone monitoring the network — ISPs, attackers on public Wi-Fi, or enterprise security appliances. DoH […]
Introduction to DNS Security on Windows Server 2019 DNS is foundational infrastructure — every name resolution request on your network passes through it. A misconfigured or compromised DNS server can redirect traffic, enable phishing attacks, or facilitate data exfiltration. Windows Server 2019 includes several built-in features to harden DNS, including DNSSEC, Response Rate Limiting (RRL), […]
Introduction to Exploit Protection Exploit Protection is a Windows Defender feature in Windows Server 2019 that applies exploit mitigation techniques to operating system processes and individual applications. It is the successor to Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit (EMET) and provides a comprehensive set of memory protection, code execution prevention, and anti-exploit technologies. Exploit Protection mitigations make […]
Introduction to NTLM Security NTLM (NT LAN Manager) is a challenge-response authentication protocol used by Windows when Kerberos is not available—for example when accessing resources by IP address instead of hostname, in workgroup environments, or when connecting to legacy systems. While Kerberos is the preferred protocol, NTLM is still present in virtually all Windows environments […]
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