AppArmor (Application Armor) is a Linux kernel security module that restricts program capabilities using per-program profiles. It is enabled by default on Ubuntu and provides Mandatory Access Control (MAC) to contain the blast radius of exploited applications. This guide manages AppArmor profiles on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 26.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu […]
Lynis is an open-source security auditing tool for Linux systems. It performs in-depth security scans of the system configuration, checks for vulnerabilities, and provides detailed hardening recommendations with a scored report. This guide runs a Lynis audit on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 26.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 26.04 LTS A user with […]
Two-factor authentication (2FA) for SSH adds an extra layer of security by requiring both your SSH key and a time-based one-time password (TOTP) from an authenticator app. This guide configures 2FA for SSH using Google Authenticator PAM on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 26.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 26.04 LTS SSH access with […]
iptables is the traditional Linux packet filtering framework. While UFW provides a simplified interface, understanding iptables directly is valuable for advanced firewall rules, NAT, port forwarding, and Docker networking. This guide configures iptables on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 26.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 26.04 LTS A user with sudo privileges Basic networking […]
rkhunter (Rootkit Hunter) is a security tool that scans for rootkits, backdoors, and local exploits on Linux systems. It checks for known malware, suspicious file attributes, hidden files, and unusual system configurations. This guide installs and configures rkhunter on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 26.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 26.04 LTS A user […]
Login banners and MOTD (Message of the Day) serve both legal and operational purposes: they warn unauthorised users, satisfy compliance requirements (PCI-DSS, HIPAA, SOC 2), and display important system information to admins. This guide configures SSH banners and MOTD on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 26.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 26.04 LTS A […]
SonarQube is an open-source platform for continuous inspection of code quality. It detects bugs, security vulnerabilities, and code smells across 30+ programming languages. This guide installs SonarQube Community Edition on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS with PostgreSQL. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 26.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 26.04 LTS with at least 2 GB RAM and 2 CPUs […]
Node.js 20 is the current Long-Term Support (LTS) release, offering improved performance, the experimental Permissions Model, and a stable test runner. This guide installs Node.js 20 LTS on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS using the official NodeSource repository. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 24.04 LTS server A user with sudo privileges Step 1 […]
NVM (Node Version Manager) lets you install multiple Node.js versions and switch between them with a single command. This is essential for developers working on multiple projects with different Node.js requirements on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 24.04 LTS server or desktop A user account (NVM is installed […]
PM2 is a battle-tested process manager for Node.js applications that provides automatic restarts, logging, monitoring, and cluster mode. This guide deploys a Node.js application in production using PM2 on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. Tested and valid on: Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Prerequisites Ubuntu 24.04 LTS server Node.js 20 LTS installed Nginx installed (for reverse proxy) Step 1 […]
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