How to Harden the Linux Kernel with sysctl on RHEL 7 The Linux kernel exposes hundreds of tunable parameters through the /proc/sys/ virtual filesystem, and the sysctl utility provides a clean interface for reading and setting those values at runtime and persistently across reboots. Many of these parameters have direct security implications: they control whether […]
How to Configure PAM on RHEL 7 Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) is the authentication framework that underlies almost every login mechanism on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. When a user runs su, logs in over SSH, unlocks a screensaver, or authenticates to any PAM-aware application, the PAM stack determines whether that authentication succeeds, what restrictions […]
How to Set Up Automatic SSH Login Banners on RHEL 7 Displaying a clear, legally appropriate banner when users connect to a Linux server over SSH is both a security best practice and a compliance requirement in many regulated environments such as PCI-DSS, HIPAA, and government frameworks. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, there are […]
How to Detect Rootkits with rkhunter and chkrootkit on RHEL 7 A rootkit is a collection of malicious software designed to maintain persistent, hidden access to a compromised system while concealing its presence from the administrator and standard system tools. Once installed, rootkits can replace core binaries, hide processes and network connections, and exfiltrate data […]
How to Set Up Two-Factor Authentication for SSH with Google Authenticator on RHEL 7 Password-based SSH authentication is vulnerable to brute-force attacks, credential stuffing, and phishing. Adding a second authentication factor — a time-based one-time password (TOTP) generated by an app like Google Authenticator or Authy — dramatically reduces this risk. Even if an attacker […]
How to Audit Linux Security with Lynis on RHEL 7 Maintaining a secure Linux server requires more than installing updates and setting strong passwords. A comprehensive security audit reveals configuration weaknesses, missing hardening measures, and potential vulnerabilities before attackers can exploit them. Lynis is an open-source security auditing tool that performs an in-depth scan of […]
How to Install and Configure OpenVPN on RHEL 7 OpenVPN is one of the most widely deployed VPN solutions in the enterprise, valued for its flexibility, strong encryption, and compatibility across nearly every operating system. On RHEL 7, OpenVPN is not included in the base repositories but is available from EPEL. Building a proper PKI […]
How to Set Up WireGuard VPN on RHEL 7 WireGuard is a modern, high-performance VPN protocol built directly into the Linux kernel (from 5.6 onward) and available as a DKMS module on older kernels like those shipped with RHEL 7. Compared to OpenVPN and IPsec, WireGuard has a dramatically smaller codebase, faster handshake times, and […]
How to Harden SSH on RHEL 7 SSH (Secure Shell) is the primary remote administration protocol for RHEL 7 servers, and by default its configuration leaves several attack vectors open. Brute-force attacks against exposed SSH ports are constant on any internet-facing host, making SSH hardening one of the first tasks every RHEL 7 administrator should […]
How to Set Up a CI/CD Pipeline with Tekton on Kubernetes on RHEL 7 Tekton is a Kubernetes-native CI/CD framework that defines pipelines as Kubernetes Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs). Unlike Jenkins, which runs as a separate server, or GitLab CI, which requires the GitLab platform, Tekton lives entirely inside your cluster and follows standard Kubernetes […]
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