How to Set Up Tripwire for File Integrity Monitoring on RHEL 7 File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) is the practice of detecting unauthorised changes to critical system files, configuration files, and binaries. When an attacker compromises a system, they often modify files to install backdoors, alter logging behaviour, or escalate privileges. Tripwire creates a cryptographic baseline […]
How to Scan for Vulnerabilities with OpenVAS on RHEL 7 OpenVAS (Open Vulnerability Assessment System), now part of the Greenbone Vulnerability Management (GVM) framework, is one of the most capable open-source vulnerability scanners available. It maintains a continuously updated feed of over 50,000 Network Vulnerability Tests (NVTs) and can detect misconfigurations, outdated software, missing patches, […]
How to Set Up a Certificate Authority with OpenSSL on RHEL 7 A Private Certificate Authority (CA) is essential infrastructure for any organization that needs to issue and manage TLS certificates for internal services, VPNs, mutual TLS authentication, or code signing — without relying on commercial CAs or exposing internal hostnames to the public internet. […]
How to Install HashiCorp Vault for Secrets Management on RHEL 7 HashiCorp Vault is an open-source tool for securely storing and tightly controlling access to tokens, passwords, certificates, API keys, and other secrets throughout the software lifecycle. Unlike storing secrets in configuration files or environment variables, Vault provides a central, audited, and access-controlled secrets store […]
How to Configure PAM on RHEL 7 Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) is the authentication framework that underlies almost every login mechanism on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. When a user runs su, logs in over SSH, unlocks a screensaver, or authenticates to any PAM-aware application, the PAM stack determines whether that authentication succeeds, what restrictions […]
How to Install and Configure AIDE on RHEL 7 AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment) is a host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS) that works by taking a cryptographic snapshot of your filesystem at a known-good point in time and then comparing the current state of the filesystem against that baseline to identify any files that have […]
How to Use OpenSSL to Generate, Sign and Manage SSL Certificates on RHEL 7 OpenSSL is the standard open-source toolkit for implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols, and it is used on almost every Linux server in production. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, OpenSSL is installed by default […]
How to Detect Rootkits with rkhunter and chkrootkit on RHEL 7 A rootkit is a collection of malicious software designed to maintain persistent, hidden access to a compromised system while concealing its presence from the administrator and standard system tools. Once installed, rootkits can replace core binaries, hide processes and network connections, and exfiltrate data […]
How to Audit Linux Security with Lynis on RHEL 7 Maintaining a secure Linux server requires more than installing updates and setting strong passwords. A comprehensive security audit reveals configuration weaknesses, missing hardening measures, and potential vulnerabilities before attackers can exploit them. Lynis is an open-source security auditing tool that performs an in-depth scan of […]
Introduction Deploying set up mariadb galera cluster on a FreeBSD 15 machine differs from Linux in several important ways: packages come from the FreeBSD Ports Collection or the binary pkg repository, services are registered in /etc/rc.conf via sysrc(8), and firewall rules are written in pf.conf(5) syntax. This tutorial stays entirely within the standard base + […]
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