Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) is the primary authorization mechanism in Kubernetes, allowing you to define exactly which users and service accounts can perform which actions on which resources. On RHEL 8 clusters this is especially important when multiple teams share the same cluster or when you need to grant applications only the permissions they need […]
How to Harden PHP on RHEL 7 PHP is one of the most widely deployed server-side languages in the world, and its default configuration is designed for convenience rather than security. On a production RHEL 7 server, leaving PHP at its defaults exposes your system to information disclosure, remote file inclusion, code injection, and privilege […]
phpMyAdmin is a popular web-based interface for managing MySQL and MariaDB databases, offering a graphical alternative to the command line. On RHEL 8, you can install it quickly from the EPEL repository, which provides community-maintained packages not included in the default RHEL channels. After installation, a few configuration steps secure access and integrate phpMyAdmin with […]
Accurate system time is essential for security certificates, log correlation, scheduled jobs, and Kerberos authentication. RHEL 8 ships with Chrony as its default NTP implementation, replacing the older ntpd daemon. Chrony is faster to synchronize on startup, handles intermittent network connections well, and is better suited to virtual machines. This guide covers installing and configuring […]
How to Configure Nginx Server Blocks (Virtual Hosts) on RHEL 7 Nginx server blocks — the equivalent of Apache virtual hosts — allow a single Nginx instance to serve multiple websites on the same server by routing requests based on the domain name or IP address. This is one of the most common Nginx configurations […]
Apache virtual hosts allow a single Apache HTTP Server instance to respond to multiple domain names, each with its own document root, logs, and settings. On RHEL 8, virtual host configuration files are placed in /etc/httpd/conf.d/ and are automatically included by the main httpd.conf. This tutorial walks you through creating and enabling an Apache name-based […]
How to Set Up Two-Factor Authentication for SSH with Google Authenticator on RHEL 7 Password-based SSH authentication is vulnerable to brute-force attacks, credential stuffing, and phishing. Adding a second authentication factor — a time-based one-time password (TOTP) generated by an app like Google Authenticator or Authy — dramatically reduces this risk. Even if an attacker […]
The Linux Audit system (auditd) provides a comprehensive security logging framework that records system calls, file accesses, and user actions at the kernel level. On RHEL 8, auditd is installed and enabled by default, making it a foundational component of any security compliance strategy. Whether meeting requirements for PCI-DSS, HIPAA, or internal policy, audit rules […]
How to Install and Configure FreeIPA on RHEL 7 FreeIPA is an integrated identity and authentication solution that combines LDAP (via 389 Directory Server), Kerberos, DNS, a certificate authority (Dogtag PKI), and a web-based management interface into a single coherent platform. It is Red Hat’s upstream open-source project that underpins Red Hat Identity Management (IdM), […]
How to Configure Fail2Ban to Protect SSH on RHEL 7 Even with SSH key-based authentication enabled, your server’s port 22 (or whatever port SSH is listening on) is constantly targeted by automated bots scanning the internet for open SSH services. These bots attempt thousands of login combinations per hour. While they cannot succeed against key-only […]
