Introduction This guide explains how to Configure RAID with mdadm on Debian 10 on Debian 10 Buster. Debian Buster uses systemd for service management, nftables as the underlying packet filter (with ufw or iptables front-ends still available), and AppArmor for mandatory access control. Every command is designed for a minimal Debian 10 install with the […]
Introduction This guide explains how to Set Up LVM Logical Volume Management on Debian 10 on Debian 10 Buster. Debian Buster uses systemd for service management, nftables as the underlying packet filter (with ufw or iptables front-ends still available), and AppArmor for mandatory access control. Every command is designed for a minimal Debian 10 install […]
DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device) provides synchronous, block-level replication between two Linux servers, making it a foundational technology for high-availability storage clusters. Often described as “RAID 1 over the network,” DRBD mirrors every write to both nodes in real time, so either node can take over if the other fails. On RHEL 8, DRBD is […]
Disk encryption is a critical layer of defense-in-depth for any Linux server handling sensitive data. LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup) is the standard on-disk format for Linux disk encryption, and cryptsetup is the user-space tool that manages it. On RHEL 8, LUKS2 is the default format, bringing improved metadata handling, larger headers, and support for […]
Reliable backups are the last line of defense against data loss from hardware failures, ransomware, or accidental deletion, and on RHEL 8 the combination of rsync and cron provides a powerful, scriptable, and dependency-free backup pipeline. rsync is a fast incremental file-transfer utility that only copies changed data, making it efficient for both local and […]
Software RAID using mdadm provides redundant disk storage without requiring a hardware RAID controller, making it ideal for cost-effective high-availability storage on RHEL 8. RAID 1 (mirroring) writes identical data to two disks simultaneously; if one disk fails, the other continues serving data without interruption and the array can be rebuilt onto a replacement drive. […]
Samba implements the SMB/CIFS protocol on Linux, enabling RHEL 8 servers to share files with Windows, macOS, and other Linux clients over a local network. Unlike NFS, which is Linux-native, Samba is specifically designed for cross-platform interoperability, making it the go-to choice in mixed-OS environments. This tutorial covers installing Samba, creating a shared directory with […]
Network File System (NFS) is a distributed filesystem protocol that allows RHEL 8 servers to export directories over the network so that client machines can mount and use them as if they were local storage. NFS is a cornerstone of Linux infrastructure, used in everything from home lab setups to large-scale HPC clusters and virtualization […]
Logical Volume Manager (LVM) is a flexible disk management system that allows you to create, resize, and manage storage volumes on RHEL 8 without the limitations of traditional partitioning. By abstracting physical disks into logical volumes, LVM lets you grow or shrink filesystems on the fly, take point-in-time snapshots, and pool multiple disks into a […]
Introduction How to Configure RAID 10 with mdadm on Debian 11 is a fundamental operation for any administrator maintaining a Debian 11 Bullseye server. Debian 11 Bullseye ships with the Linux 6.12 kernel, updated toolchains, and a fully refreshed package archive — meaning version numbers, configuration file paths, and some dependency chains differ from Debian […]
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