Filesystem

How to Configure Btrfs File System on Debian 10 — step-by-step Debian 10 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Configure Btrfs File System on Debian 10

Introduction Debian 10 Buster is built around the ethos of stability and free software. Setting up configure btrfs file system on debian 10 on Buster leverages the same proven Debian packaging system that powers millions of servers worldwide, while benefiting from the latest upstream releases included in the Buster freeze. Follow each step carefully and […]

Read more
How to Configure Apache Virtual Hosts on RHEL 7 — step-by-step RHEL 7 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Configure Apache Virtual Hosts on RHEL 7

How to Configure Apache Virtual Hosts on RHEL 7 Apache virtual hosts allow a single Apache HTTP Server instance to serve multiple websites on the same server, distinguishing between sites based on the incoming domain name (name-based virtual hosting) or IP address. This is the standard approach for hosting multiple websites on a shared server. […]

Read more
How to Use journalctl for Systemd Log Analysis on RHEL 7 — step-by-step RHEL 7 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Use journalctl for Systemd Log Analysis on RHEL 7

How to Use journalctl for Systemd Log Analysis on RHEL 7 On RHEL 7, the traditional syslog infrastructure is complemented — and in many cases replaced — by the systemd journal, managed by systemd-journald. The journalctl command is your primary interface for querying, filtering, and exporting log data collected by this service. Unlike flat text […]

Read more
How to Monitor Disk Usage with df, du, lsblk and ncdu on RHEL 7 — step-by-step RHEL 7 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Monitor Disk Usage with df, du, lsblk and ncdu on RHEL 7

How to Monitor Disk Usage with df, du, lsblk and ncdu on RHEL 7 Running out of disk space is one of the most disruptive events in a production Linux environment — it can crash databases, halt web servers, and fill system logs with errors. Proactive disk usage monitoring is therefore a non-negotiable part of […]

Read more
How to Configure ACLs on Ext4 File Systems on Debian 10 — step-by-step Debian 10 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Configure ACLs on Ext4 File Systems on Debian 10

Introduction How to Configure ACLs on Ext4 File Systems on Debian 10 is a fundamental operation for any administrator maintaining a Debian 10 Buster server. Debian 10 Buster ships with the Linux 6.12 kernel, updated toolchains, and a fully refreshed package archive — meaning version numbers, configuration file paths, and some dependency chains differ from […]

Read more
How to Configure Log Rotation with logrotate on RHEL 7 — step-by-step RHEL 7 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Configure Log Rotation with logrotate on RHEL 7

How to Configure Log Rotation with logrotate on RHEL 7 Log files are essential for diagnosing system problems, tracking security events, and auditing application behavior. However, without proper management, log files grow without bound and can fill your disk, causing service outages and making historical logs difficult to navigate. logrotate is the standard log rotation […]

Read more
How to Create and Manage Swap Space on RHEL 7 — step-by-step RHEL 7 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Create and Manage Swap Space on RHEL 7

How to Create and Manage Swap Space on RHEL 7 Swap space is a designated area on disk that the Linux kernel uses as an overflow when physical RAM is exhausted. While swap is not a substitute for adequate RAM — disk I/O is orders of magnitude slower than memory access — it is a […]

Read more
How to Install Rust and Compile System Tools on RHEL 8 — step-by-step RHEL 8 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Install Rust and Compile System Tools on RHEL 8

Rust is a systems programming language that guarantees memory safety without a garbage collector, making it an excellent choice for writing reliable, high-performance tools that run directly on RHEL 8. The official installer, rustup, manages toolchain versions independently of the OS package manager, giving you access to the stable, beta, and nightly channels side by […]

Read more
How to Configure DRBD for High-Availability Storage on RHEL 8 — step-by-step RHEL 8 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Configure DRBD for High-Availability Storage on RHEL 8

DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device) provides synchronous, block-level replication between two Linux servers, making it a foundational technology for high-availability storage clusters. Often described as “RAID 1 over the network,” DRBD mirrors every write to both nodes in real time, so either node can take over if the other fails. On RHEL 8, DRBD is […]

Read more
How to Manage Disk Encryption with LUKS and cryptsetup on RHEL 8 — step-by-step RHEL 8 tutorial on Progressive Robot

How to Manage Disk Encryption with LUKS and cryptsetup on RHEL 8

Disk encryption is a critical layer of defense-in-depth for any Linux server handling sensitive data. LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup) is the standard on-disk format for Linux disk encryption, and cryptsetup is the user-space tool that manages it. On RHEL 8, LUKS2 is the default format, bringing improved metadata handling, larger headers, and support for […]

Read more
CHAT